Sunday, February 11, 2018

Cloth design





After days of high-heeled stilettos, peep-toe pumps, snug suits and cocktail dresses, kicking back in casual garb can be the ultimate relaxation technique for women on the go. With the popularity of "Casual Fridays" in the workplace and casual chic on the streets, women have more options than ever to strut their stuff in casual dress with style or in simplistic laid back fashion. Dressing casual is as easy as it seems, and with a couple of tips women can learn how to apply casual dress to more and more settings.An increasing number of companies are ditching stuffy, workplace attire and reinstating a more fun, casual style of business dress. For those companies, "casual Fridays" are every day, and while employees are still expected to wear clothes that are semi-professional, they have more freedom to dress outside of the black business suit and conservative shoes combo. For women, this means casual, yet semi-conservative dresses like wrap dresses, loose-fitting summer dresses that don't show too much cleavage or leg (knee-length at least), linen pants and casual short-sleeve collar-shirts on hot summer days. Some companies allow jeans and casual tops on their "casual" days as well, and even sneakers can be allowed.Regardless if women are going to the mall, shopping along street boutiques, strolling through the park or sifting through books at a bookstore, women have a variety of opportunities to implore casual dress. Jeans can range from skinny to baggy, and shoes can range from sneakers to chic flats to casual boots. Casual dress tops for street wear can include tank tops, fitted short-sleeved and long-sleeved tops, among others. Women can also wear casual loose-fitting dresses, long or short, with low heels as well.Women can also dress casually at parties and wear casual dresses as opposed to super-short cocktail dresses or mini-dresses. This depends on the type of party or the nature of a club, but for women who don't feel like getting dolled up and are attending parties or clubs that don't have strict dress codes, this can be acceptable. Women can also wear fitted or skinny jeans with fitted tops and low heels to these types of clubs and parties as well.

Wednesday, February 7, 2018

Fashion Design Degree Program Information.


Fashion Design Degree Program Information

Fashion design degree programs are available at the associate's, bachelor's, and master's levels and teach students how to turn artistic concepts into wearable clothing. Discover career options and salary information, as well as some common course topics in this degree program.

Essential Information

Fashion design degrees can be earned at the associate's, bachelor's, and master's levels. Subjects studied in fashion design programs range from pattern development and drawing to visual merchandising and advanced styling, depending on the degree level. Advanced studies could include business-related coursework, such as marketing and promotions. A portfolio and artistic proficiency test are typically needed for admission into these programs.

Associate's Degree in Fashion Design


An associate's degree program in fashion design offers students a practical foundation in fashion, design, textiles, visual merchandising and knitwear. Industry benchmarks and fashion design terminology are emphasized, as are individual style and technical expertise. This degree program often requires students to complete a professional fashion portfolio upon graduation. Students may graduate with Associate of Arts (AA) degrees and find entry-level employment or pursue freelance fashion work.
Individuals seeking an associate's degree in fashion design gain introductory fashion knowledge, hone their technical sewing skills and learn about fashion manufacturing. Students normally take courses that cover:
  • Fashion Merchandising
  • Fashion illustration
  • Sewing
  • Pattern development
  • Bachelor's Degree in Fashion Design

    Students in bachelor's degree programs in fashion design often take courses in studio-style classrooms that emphasize individual vision and collective technical fashion skills and techniques. Students learn to harness their own individual concepts and designs and to function as part of a fashion design team. Pattern creation and rendering, illustration and prototype development are all emphasized coursework. Throughout this 4-year degree program, students create and build a professional fashion portfolio that is critiqued by fashion professionals prior to graduation.
    A bachelor's degree program in fashion design lays a solid foundation in fashion history, fashion design and consumer trend analysis. It also focuses on fashion concept development and manufacturing, menswear, knitwear, fashion marketing and business management. Students become expert seamstresses and learn how to analyze consumer trends that ultimately influence inventory purchases. These courses may be part of a bachelor's degree program in fashion design:
    • Fashion design principles
    • Fashion journalism
    • Graphic design
    • Visual Merchandising
    • Illustration
    • Master's Degree in Fashion Design

      A graduate degree program in fashion design combines advanced fashion design knowledge with expert business acumen. Students learn how to interpret market and trend analysis in order to create effective business plans and design concepts. They also hone their marketing, promotion and product development skills. Graduate students utilize advanced computer technology to create, design and manufacture their very own unique fashion designs.
      Most master's degree programs in fashion design confer the Master of Fine Arts (MFA) degree upon successful completion of coursework. A final project replaces the traditional master's thesis and requires students to produce their very own fashion collection or portfolio. This collection is often reviewed at an open or public fashion show.
      Students in a master's degree program in fashion design learn advanced design techniques and principles. Often they study 3D design, applied textiles, merchandising and trend analysis. Students may also take the following courses:
      • Advanced fashion design
      • Fashion journalism
      • Advanced styling
      • Business management
      • Marketing
      • Pattern development and sewing techniques

      Popular Careers

      Graduates with an associate's degree in fashion design may find entry-level employment with clothing manufacturers, seamstress or tailoring businesses or cultural production companies, such as theaters. Many start their own businesses.
      Individuals with a graduate degree in fashion design are prepared to direct and manage large design houses or apparel manufacturers. Often they head major department store chains or high-end boutiques. They may also choose to open their own design firm and start their own design label. Positions such as: senior fashion director, director of merchandising and district retail manager are appropriate for a fashion design master's degree graduate. Some popular fashion design positions include:
      • Assistant fashion buyer
      • Seamstress
      • Costume designer
      • Fashion designer
      • Fashion store manager

      Employment Prospects and Salary Information

      The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) states that there will be a 3% increase for fashion designers between 2014 and 2024 (www.bls.gov). Out of the 23,100 fashion designer jobs in 2014, 32% worked for apparel, piece goods, and notions merchant wholesalers, according to the BLS. Most of these positions are in fashion-oriented areas, including New York and California.
      Fashion designers' wages vary widely according to BLS statistics. The median annual salary for fashion designers in May 2015 was $63,670. The highest paying jobs tend to be in motion picture and video industries.

      Continuing Education Information

      Fashion designers are not bound by certification or licensing requirements. However, consumer demand fuels their need to stay ahead of fashion trends. Fashion professionals constantly need to foster their unique and creative vision, hone their keen eye for color and maintain their attention to detail. Those designers interested in managing international fashion houses may find a master's degree in fashion or visual merchandising beneficial.
      Many fashion designers attend annual conferences or fashion shows to help them maintain their expertise, keep current with their fashion perspectives and promote their own fashion collections. Senior-level designers may also attend business seminars that sharpen consumer relations skills and marketing techniques.
      Depending on what type of career you would like to pursue, an associate's, bachelor's, or master's degree in fashion design may be needed. Undergraduate programs teach students foundational skills in fashion, techniques, and how to create their own designs, while graduate programs focus on design concepts and business plans.

Sunday, February 4, 2018

Nitobond EP

Main uses

It is supplied as a two-part material in pre-weighed quantities ready for onsite mixing and use.
Coloured components, white base and green hardener, provide visual evidence that adequate mixing is achieved.

Advantages

  • Can be applied to dry or damp surfaces
  • High mechanical strength
  • Good positive adhesion
  • Can be applied where a substrate/repair barrier is required
  • Standard and slow set grades

Lokfix S25




Main uses
 A two component polyester anchoring grout supplied in pre-measured quantities. The material cures quickly to give consistent, high performance anchorages. Pourable grade, for use in vertical down holes.



Advantages
·         Easy to mix and apply
·         Rapid strength gain
·         Vibration resistant
·         Corrosion resistant
·         Non-expansive
·         Can be placed underwater
·         Increased flowability
·         Two grades specifically for vertical and horizontal / overhead use


Lokfix P25

Main uses

The thixotropic nature of Lokfix P25 reduces flow of grout out of the hole.

Advantages

  • Easy to mix and apply
  • Rapid strength gain
  • Vibration resistant
  • Corrosion resistant
  • Non-expansive
  • Can be placed underwater
  • Increased flowability
  • Two grades specifically for vertical and horizontal / overhead use

Concure WB

Main uses

This dries to form a continuous clear film which provides a barrier to moisture loss, ensuring more efficient cement hydration, improved durability and reduced shrinkage.

Advantages

  • Improved curing of concrete enhances cement hydration and provides a more durable concrete
  • Control of moisture loss improves surface quality, reducing permeability, producing a hard wearing, dust-free surface and minimising potential for surface cracking and shrinkage
  • Fugitive colour provides visual guide during application
  • Water based, therefore, non-flammable
  • Spray application reduces labour costs and eliminates the need for alternative curing systems.

Cebex 100

Main uses

Sufficient restrained expansion is developed to ensure a high degree of interfacial contact.
  • Gaseous expansion system compensates for plastic shrinkage and settlement in the properly designed cementitious grout.
  • Reduced water/cement ratio in the grout mix ensures low permeability and long-term durability in service.
  • Gives high grout fluidity with low water/cement ratio, thus making placement or injection of the grout easy.
  • No metallic iron content to corrode and cause staining or deterioration due to rust expansion in the grout.
  • Composition allows high early strength development in groups, without the use of chlorides.

Advantages

  • Gaseous expansion system compensates for plastic shrinkage and settlement in the properly designed cementitious grout.
  • Reduced water/cement ratio in the grout mix ensures low permeability and long-term durability in service.
  • Gives high grout fluidity with low water/cement ratio, thus making placement or injection of the grout easy.
  • No metallic iron content to corrode and cause staining or deterioration due to rust expansion in the grout.
  • Composition allows high early strength development in groups, without the use of chlorides.

Conbextra GP2

Main uses

Conbextra GP2 is a blend of Portland cement, graded fillers, and chemical additives which impart controlled expansion in the plastic state whilst minimizing water demand. The low water demand ensures high early strength. The graded fillers are designed to assist uniform mixing and produce a consistent grout.

Advantages

  • Gaseous expansion system compensates for shrinkage and settlement in the plastic state
  • No metallic iron content to cause staining Pre-packed material overcomes onsite batching variations
  • Develops high early strength without the use of chlorides
  • High ultimate strength ensure the durability of the hardened grout
  • Free flow ensures high level of contact with load bearing area

Nitocote EP405

Main uses

It is a two-part, solvent free, epoxy resin material, supplied in pre-measured quantities ready for site mixing and use.

Advantages

  • High build application
  • Can be applied directly to mild steel and concrete
  • Smooth, glossy, easy to clean surface
  • Corrosion, chemical, and abrasion resistant
  • Can be applied to damp surfaces
  • Waterproof
  • Water Regulations Advisory Service - approved product
  • Provides protection against water vapor and ground gases such as radon, carbon dioxide, and methane.

Nitocote CM210

Main uses

It is a two-component polymer modified cementitious coating is supplied in a pre-packaged form. The product has been designed to be easily mixed on-site using a slow speed drill and paddle and then applied to the substrate using a brush, roller, trowel or by spray application. Nitocote CM210, available in grey and white, cures to form a flexible impermeable membrane.

Advantages

  • Approved for use in public water supply
  • Withstands high positive and negative hydrostatic pressures
  • Excellent bond to concrete and masonry
  • Long working life
  • Easy application by brush, roller, trowel or spray
  • Bonds to green or damp concrete
  • Effective barrier to sulphates and chlorides

Nitocote EP415

Main uses

The system can be used with or without a glass fibre reinforcement depending upon the need for increased build or mechanical properties.

Advantages

  • Excellent chemical and abrasion resistance.
  • Can be used on steel or concrete substrates.
  • Solvent-free.
  • Thixotropic for easy application on vertical surfaces.
  • Locally produced for Middle East Conditions.

Conplast WP500

Main uses

 For usage in basements, tunnels, water retaining and water excluding structures, bridge decks, etc where protection from water ingress is required.

Advantages

  • Does not contain bitumen
  • Provides integral protection, ensuring reduced permeability throughout the concrete
  • Integral protection is maintained even if surface damage occurs
  • Integral third-generation superplasticiser - excellent slump retention.
  • Integral superplasticiser for high strength and high workability concrete.
  • Fully compatible with most Fosroc surface coatings and finishes

Structuro 250

Main uses

  • For precast concrete where it is necessary an excellent surface finish.
  • Suitable for pre-mixed concrete in plant.
  • For pre-stressed concrete with high ultimate strengths.
  • Designed to be used in precast concrete when high early strengths are required.

Advantages

  • High range water reducing admixture.
  • Significant improvement of early and ultimate mechanical strengths.
  • It provides very compact concrete with good surface appearance.

Renderoc Plug

Main uses

The material is based on a blend of cement, graded aggregates, special fillers and chemical additives which control the rate of set and minimise the risk of thermal cracking.
Renderoc Plug provides an initial set time of approximately one minute.

Advantages

  • Emergency water-stopping capability.
  • Single component - only the addition of clean water is required.
  • Excellent bond to the substrate.
  • Low exotherm minimizes thermal cracking.
  • Pre-bagged formulation to overcome variations in site batching.
  • Contains no chloride admixture

Conbextra GP

Conbextra GP

Main uses

Conbextra GP is used for free flow, non-shrink, cementitious grouting of gap thicknesses 10 to 75 mm.

Advantages

  • Non-shrink
  • High strength
  • Chloride free
  • Can be used at flowable or trowelable consistency

Supporting documents







Auramix 400

Main uses

 This greatly improves cement dispersion. At the start of the mixing process an electrostatic dispersion occurs but the cement particle’s capacity to separate and disperse. This mechanism considerably reduces the water demand in flowable concrete.
Auramix 400 combines the properties of water reduction and workability retention. It allows the production of high performance concrete and/or concrete with high workability.

Advantages

  • Low viscosity suitable for pumping of different grades of
  • concrete to higher fl oors
  • Higher E modulus
  • Improved adhesion to reinforcing and prestressing steel
  • Better resistance to carbonation
  • Lower permeability
  • Better resistance to aggressive atmospheric conditions
  • Reduced shrinkage and creep
  • Increased durability

Supporting documents

Conplast SP430

Conplast SP430 cx 



Main uses

  • To provide excellent acceleration of strength gain at early ages and major increases in strength at all ages by significantly reducing water demand in a concrete mix.
  • Particularly suitable for precast concrete and other high early strength requirements.
  • To significantly improve the workability of site mixed and precast concrete without increasing water demand.
  • To provide improved durability by increasing ultimate strengths and reducing concrete permeability.

Advantages

  • Major increases in strength at early ages without increased cement contents are of particular benefit in precast concrete, allowing earlier stripping times.
  • Makes possible major reductions in water: cement ratio which allows the production of high strength concrete without excessive cement contents.
  • Use in the production of flowing concrete permits easier construction with quicker placing and compaction and reduced labor costs without increasing water content.
  • Increased workability levels are maintained for longer than with ordinary sulfonated melamine admixtures.
  • Improved cohesion and particle dispersion minimizes segregation and bleeding and improves permeability.
  • Chloride free, safe for use in pre-stressed and reinforced concrete.
  • In screed material, the lower water content leads to quicker drying times

Supporting documents

Admix:Conplast WP402

Hydrophobic, pore-blocking, concrete admixture suitable for use in Type B (Integral) watertight concrete construction as defined in BS 8102: 2009 Uses  Production of watertight concrete  Concrete for liquid retaining / excluding structures  Concrete for aggressive exposure classes Advantages  Reduces porosity  Reduces permeability  Reduces diffusion coefficient  Increases water resistance and corrosion resistance  Chloride free. Ideal for concrete containing embedded steel  Pre-bagged powder for easy dispensing  Easily dispersed throughout concrete mix  BBA accredited, certificate no. 06/4310  Can form partof acompletewaterproofing solution in conjunction with the Fosroc range of membranes and drained cavity systems. Description Conplast WP402 Powder is designed for use as an integral water resisting admixture for ready mixed concrete. It is based on a unique blend of fatty acid salts and hydrophobic materials, supplied as a white chloride-free powder. Conplast WP402 Powder is supplied, per weighed in water soluble bags, for easy dispensing. Standards compliance Conplast WP402 Powder complies with EN934-2 Table 9 as a water resisting admixture. Conplast WP402 is permitted for contact with public water supply under DWI’s ‘List of Approved Products For Use In Public Water Supply In The United Kingdom (May 2015); 2.4 List of Authorised Cement Admixture Components. C 0086 Fosroc Limited Drayton Manor Business Park, Coleshill Road,Tamworth,UK. B78 3XN 14 DoP UK9-69 0086-CPR-473151 Conplast WP402 Powder Water Resisting Admixture EN 934-2:T9 Capillary Absorption Fulfilled Compressive Strength Fulfilled Air Content: Fulfilled Corrosion Behaviour Contains components only from EN934-1: Annex A.1. Dangerous Substances NPD Durability NPD Properties Typical properties Appearance: White powder Chloride content: Nil to BS 5075 Na2 O equivalent <0.1% Capillary Absorption to EN 480-5 (% by mass of control) Conplast WP402 0%(control) 1% 7 day: 100 22 90 day: 100 33 Compatibility with cements Conplast WP402 Powder is suitable for use with all types of Portland cements and combination materials such as fly ash, PFA, GGBS limestone fines and microsilica. Typical dosage Typical dosage is 1 bag per cubic metre of concrete Where cement replacement materials are used in the concrete mix, the admixture dosage should be calculated on the total cementitious material content. Effects of overdosing An overdose of Conplast WP402 Powder may result in an increased plasticising effect. If the water content of the mix is not reduced to allow for this increase, the concrete will become more workable. Water repellency will tend to be increased by overdosage and early strength may tend to be reduced. Fosroc® Conplast WP402 Powder constructive solutions 29 March 2017 Fosroc® Conplast WP402 Powder Usage Guidelines The following are guidelines for use of waterproof concrete containing Conplast WP402. These guidelines should be used in conjunction with those stated on the product BBA certificate, 06/4310. 1. The reinforcement design for the concrete structure must be designed to achieve a maximum through section crack width of 0.3mm although where there is evidence of increased risk due to a high or variable water table a through section crack width of 0.2mm may be stipulated. Refer to the guidance in BS EN 1992-3:2006 for further information. 2. The standard minimum sectional thickness is 200mm although a greater minimum thickness may be recommended for specific projects. 3. All standing water must be removed prior to concrete placement. 4. Smooth grout tight formwork should be used for wall construction and floor slabs placed onto either a grout check membrane or smooth concrete blinding. 5. The maximum area for a single concrete pour for a floor area is 400m2 for which the aspect ratio should not exceed 2:1. 6. The maximum aspect ratio for a single wall pour is 3:1 and this should not include more than two corners or changes of direction. 7. All formwork should be left in place for a minimum of 24 hours.Formwork shouldnotberemoveduntiltheconcrete has sufficiently hardened in order that it can carry safely its own weight and any loads to which it is subjected. Followingshutterstrikeexposedconcretesurfaces(floor& wall) should be cured for up to 28 days with polyethylene sheet, wet hessian or Concure WB. 8. Anintegral kickerofbetween150mmand250mminheight should be formed with the base slab where watertight retaining walls are to be constructed. Kicker strips are completely unsuitable for watertight concrete construction. Kickerless construction carries an additional risk of water penetration that should be avoided or additional protective measures applied to mitigate the increased risk. 9. A 20mm wide x 5mm deep smooth rebate should be formed in the joint face of all construction joints (wall & floor) with at least 80mm concrete cover to an exposed face. Supercast SW20 waterstop should be continuously bonded with Supercast SWX which should be allowed to cure for at least 8 hours prior to concrete pour. The Supercast SW20 must be butt jointed and not overlapped with any gaps filled with Supercast SWX. 10. Movement joints should be waterproofed with Supercast PVC Waterstop, project specific advice and details can be provided upon request. 11. The maximum pourlength for capping beam construction is 10m and should include no more than two corners or changes in direction. Formed joints should be made watertight usingSupercastSW20 bonded withSupercast SWX located a minimum of 80mm inside the externally facingsidesofthejointfollowingtheadvicegiveninitem9. 12. Where practicable accessible and maintainable external drainage measures should be installed to alleviate any water pressure that could form against the structure in accordance with the recommendations given in BS8102:2009 incorporating a geo-composite drainage sheet such as Proofex Sheetdrain 80 and a perforated land drain located below finished base slab level. (For project specific advice please contact Fosroc Technical Department) 13. For constructionofdetails suchaspipepenetrations (floor &wall)andsealingtieboltholespleaserefertotherelevant standard detail drawings available from FosrocTechnical Departmentuponrequest.Project specificdetaildrawings can be produced upon receipt of the construction drawings. Instructions for use Mix design Concrete containing Conplast WP402 is normally supplied as ready-mixed concrete by any QSRMC or BSI registered producer.The concrete must have a minimum cement content of 350 kg/m3 , be batched with a maximum water/cement ratio of 0.45 and have a consistency of S2 or greater. However to optimize performance of Conplast WP402, it is recommended that a water/cement ratio of 0.40 or lower is utilised. Trials are recommended to ensure the desired performance characteristics are achieved. Once the fresh concrete is mixed, further materials must not be added. The consistency of the concrete can be adjusted using a suitable water-reducing or superplasticising admixture complying with BS EN 934-2: 2009, Tables 3.1 and 3.2, to ensure the maximum water/cement ratio of 0.45 is not exceeded. Mixing and Placing ConplastWP402 is added to the mixer at the correct dose prior to batching the concrete constituents. Where a superplasticiser is required, it is mixed in after the addition of Conplast WP402. The resulting concrete should be mixed for a minimum of five minutes to ensure even distribution of Conplast WP402 throughout the concrete. Concrete containing Conplast WP402 should be placed in the same way as normal concrete, in accordance with BS 8000- 2.1: 1990, BS 8000-2.2: 1990, BS EN 13670: 2009 Curing In line with good concrete practice: cure all concrete with Concure WB Clear. (75% curing efficiency) BS 7542. Estimating Packaging Conplast WP402 Powder is available in tubs containing 6 x 1.95 kg units. 29 March 2017 constructive solutions Page 3 Fosroc Limited Drayton Manor Business Park Coleshill Road, Tamworth, Staffordshire B78 3XN. UK www.fosroc.com telephone: fax: email: +44 0 (1827) 262222 +44 0 (1827) 262444 enquiryuk@fosroc.com Important note Fosroc products are guaranteed against defective materials and manufacture and are sold subject to its standard Conditions for the Supply of Goods and Services, copies of which may be obtained on request. Whilst Fosroc endeavours to ensure that any advice, recommendation, specification of information it may give is accurate and correct, it cannot, because it has no direct or continuous control over where or how its products are applied, accept any liability either directly or indirectly arising from the use of its products, whether or not in accordance with any advice, specification, recommendation of information given by it. Certificate number FM 610 Fosroc and Conplast are trade marks of Fosroc International Limited Supply Contact local Fosroc Customer Service Department. Limitations Concrete containing Conplast WP402 must be properly compacted, avoiding honeycombing and voids, particularly in areas in the vicinity of joints. Water resisting concrete incorporating Conplast WP402 must be designed to avoid crack width formation in excess of that stipulated in the guidelines above and in BS EN 1992-3:2006. Joint designs other than those stipulated in the guidelines above should not be used with water resisting concrete incorporating Conplast WP402 without reference to the Fosroc Technical Department. Concrete containing Conplast WP402 can meet the requirements for all grades defined in Table 1 of BS8102, howeverforgrade3(wherecontrolofwater vapouris required) it will be necessary to provide a mix with a sufficiently low vapour permeability in combination with an adequate section thickness (see guidelines above). Consideration should also be given to its use in conjunction with TypeA(Barrier) or Type C (Drained Cavity) where assessed external risks are too high or consequences of failure to achieve the required internal environment are unacceptable. 29 March 2017 Fosroc® Conplast WP402 Powder Storage ConplastWP402Powderhasaminimumshelflifeof12months andshould bestored indrywarehouseconditions between5°C to 40°C. If this temperature range is exceeded in any way then advice should be sought from Fosroc Technical Department. Thebagsmustbestoredinsealedtubs topreventwateringress. Precautions Health and safety For further information consult the Product Safety Data Sheet available for this product. Fire Conplast WP402 Powder is non-flammabl

parts and tools of engineers

I’m a mechanical engineer. I love mechanical things. My parents gave me lots of Legos to play with as a child and I suppose I never entirely grew out of them.
If I had to say what the favorite part of my job is, I’d probably say it’s when parts come in the mail. I mean, it’s like Christmas. Stuff shows up on your desk in a nice box and you get to rip it open and play with what’s inside. How awesome is that?
After parts arrive though, there are still the tools to play with. Here are some of the coolest tools out there that I think every mechanical engineer should have.

Calipers

The first time I played with a pair of calipers, I was maybe 9 years old and following my dad around to a space satellite fabrication facility. An engineer picked a pair of calipers up and showed me that it was possible to measure the thickness of my hair.
Three thousandths of an inch thick. I thought that was pretty cool.All that I had known before was measuring with a ruler, with precision down to maybe a 1/16th, or maybe a 1/32nd of an inch. A good pair of callipers can measure within .0005”.  It’s a useful tool for measuring thicknesses, inside diameters, outside diameters, and depth.

Dial Indicator and Force Gauge

The dial indicator and force gauge, although useful on their own, are even more powerful in a pair. The force gauge’s function is pretty self explanatory (used for measuring applied force), but the dial indicator’s purpose isn’t quite as clear. Just as the calipers are useful for measuring distance very precisely, the dial indicator is very useful for measuring change in position. A decent one will measure displacements as small as .001” and a really good one will measure displacements down to .0001”.  The ability to detect small displacements is important for aligning shafts, for instance, or verifying the repeatability of motion of a mechanism.
When the two tools are used together, they can be used to measure force and displacement, which leads directly to a measure of stiffness.  Since stiffness is a property that arises from a part’s material selection as well as its geometry, a measure of stiffness gives fantastic insight into part behavior.  It’s also a great non-destructive test to verify a component against a model, as well.

Chapman Set

The Chapman set is my favorite brand of multi-tool screwdriver. You can get different sets, but mine has a nice selection of flat heads, Phillips heads, and Allen wrenches.  It’s much more than a screwdriver with swappable tips though, because it comes with a little ratchet attachment that fits the tips, making it possible to work in tight spaces that no screwdriver could ever reach.

Mirror on a Stick

Mirror on a Stick. Just like the one your dentist uses, or even better, one with an adjustable angle. Honestly, it’s so simple and it’s also fun to say. Mirror on a Stick. Mirror on a Stick. Mirror on a Stick. I can’t recall how many times I’ve had to peak into an assembled, or partially assembled part and check for things like screws that fell loose during vibration testing, part damage, or other such nonsense. Mirror on a Stick. Get one.

Leatherman

Finally, I would never be caught without my pocket knife. My Leatherman has a knife and a pair of pliers and that alone is worth the price of the tool. Oh, and my Leatherman has a bottle opener and corkscrew, if you happen to find that all that engineering work gives you a thirst.

World leading material technology for Construction

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Fosroc is a global manufacturer of high performance chemicals and materials for the Construction industry

Fosroc’s tailored Constructive Solutions are developed combining our extensive range of products with expertise and experience to meet the needs of the construction industry. From the cement factory through to final finishes of the construction project, Fosroc are your chosen partner for constructive solutions